{"id":7780,"date":"2026-03-25T14:13:25","date_gmt":"2026-03-25T10:43:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/?p=7780"},"modified":"2026-03-28T03:05:22","modified_gmt":"2026-03-27T23:35:22","slug":"cortazardan-edebiyat-dersleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/?p=7780","title":{"rendered":"Cortazar&#8217;dan Edebiyat Dersleri"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u00d6\u011eRENC\u0130: <em>Yazarken belli bir okur t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc hedefliyor olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. \u0130kinci soru, bu konuda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z, sizi okuyanlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekten hedefledi\u011finiz t\u00fcr okurlar olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yazarken herhangi bir okur t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc asla hedeflemedi\u011fimi (sizin teriminizi kullanm\u0131\u015f olmak i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle diyorum) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Bug\u00fcn \u00fczerinde konu\u015ftu\u011fumuz o ilk a\u015famada benim var olan yeg\u00e2ne okur kitlem, etraf\u0131m\u0131 saran, kendi d\u00f6neminden ve kendi \u201cseviye\u201dmden (bu s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hi\u00e7bir snopluk bar\u0131nd\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul ederek kullanabiliriz) insanlardan olu\u015fuyordu. Benim gibi insanlar i\u00e7in yazan insanlar i\u00e7in yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 zannediyordum; diyalektik dedi\u011fimiz \u015fey biraz buydu. 1946 ya da 1947 y\u0131l\u0131nda, daha sonra <em>Hayvan Hik\u00e2yeleri<\/em> kitab\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturacak ilk \u00f6yk\u00fclerimi yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131mda, son derece sayg\u0131 duydu\u011fum birinin, mesela o g\u00fcnler i\u00e7in Jorge Luis Borges&#8217;in bir \u00f6yk\u00fcy\u00fc okuyup onaylamas\u0131 \u00e7ok ho\u015fuma giderdi. Bu benim i\u00e7in en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6d\u00fcl olurdu, ama tercihimi yaln\u0131z (\u00fclkemden uzaklara gidip oralarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak da dahil olmak \u00fczere s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn en geni\u015f anlam\u0131yla \u201cyaln\u0131z\u201d) kalmaktan yana kullan\u0131nca okur kavram\u0131 benim i\u00e7in t\u00fcm ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini yitirdi. Uzun y\u0131llar boyunca hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz okunaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131 bilerek yazd\u0131m. (Buradaki \u201chi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz\u201d terimi bir kibir unsuruydu, ama daha da \u00f6nemlisi, ba\u015farmak isteyen her yazar\u0131n i\u00e7indeki umut unsuru.) Beni okumalar\u0131n\u0131 umuyordum, ama beni kim okuyacakt\u0131? Bu konuda belli bir fikrim yoktu ve bug\u00fcn hala yok. E\u011fer bir edebiyat yazar\u0131 belli bir okur kitlesini hedef al\u0131rsa, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc yok edece\u011fine, onu ko\u015fulland\u0131raca\u011f\u0131na, belirli zorunluluklar ve belirli sak\u0131nmalarla (bu iyidir, bu k\u00f6t\u00fcd\u00fcr; bunu s\u00f6ylemek gerekiyor, bunu s\u00f6ylemek hi\u00e7 uygun olmaz \u015feklinde) dolduraca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yorum. Bu \u00f6zele\u015ftiri anlam\u0131na gelir ve e\u011fer bir yazar belli bir t\u00fcr okur i\u00e7in yazmak zorunda oldu\u011funu ve bu y\u00fczden de onlara \u015funu de\u011fil de bunu sunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek \u00f6zele\u015ftiri yap\u0131yorsa, kendi kendini sans\u00fcrl\u00fcyor -do\u011fru s\u00f6zc\u00fck bu- demektir; bu bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan herhangi bir b\u00fcy\u00fck yazar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sanm\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-advanced-image  root-eb-advanced-image-vvq97\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-advanced-image-vvq97 \"><figure class=\"eb-advanced-image-wrapper eb-advanced-image-vvq97 no-effect\" data-id=\"eb-advanced-image-vvq97\"><div class=\"eb-image-wrapper\"><div class=\"eb-image-wrapper-inner eb-img-style-rounded\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/6178f10145d2a0aac46af04f.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/div><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6nemli ve ayr\u0131ca zor olan \u015fey insan\u0131n bir istikameti oldu\u011funu ve narsist bir eylemde kendisi i\u00e7in yazmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek yazmas\u0131d\u0131r; onlar\u0131 nitelemeden, \u201cben \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc okurlar i\u00e7in ya da erotik, psikolojik ya da tarihsel konulardan ho\u015flanan okurlar i\u00e7in yazmaktay\u0131m\u201d demeden okurlar i\u00e7in yazmakta oldu\u011funu hissetmesidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu t\u00fcr bir kendi kendini ko\u015fulland\u0131rma bir edebi eserin \u00e7uvalla olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir garantidir. Netice itibar\u0131yla, \u015fu <em>best seller <\/em>(bu s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc k\u00f6t\u00fc anlamda kullan\u0131yorum) kitaplar, baz\u0131 insanlar\u0131n tatillerini ba\u015flatmak ve bir hafta boyunca edebi nitelikten mutlak surette mahrum ama o t\u00fcr okurlar\u0131n bekledi\u011fi ve do\u011fal olarak buldu\u011fu b\u00fct\u00fcn unsurlar\u0131 i\u00e7eren bir kitapla kendilerini hipnotize etmek i\u00e7in havaalanlar\u0131ndan sat\u0131n ald\u0131klar\u0131 o tu\u011fla gibi kitaplar ba\u015fka nedir ki? O kitle i\u00e7in yazan bir beyefendiyle, kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 sat\u0131n alarak ona \u00e7ok para kazand\u0131ran o kitle aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme var, ama b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n edebiyatla hi\u00e7bir alakas\u0131 yok. Ne kafka ne Maupassant ne de ben bu \u015fekilde yazd\u0131k; kendimi o trioya d\u00e2hil etti\u011fim i\u00e7in kusura bakmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Julio Cortazar, Edebiyat Dersleri: Berkeley, 1980, T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi: S\u00fcleyman Do\u011fru, Everest Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 (Al\u0131nt\u0131d\u0131r.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"tmnf_excerpt\"><p>\u00d6\u011eRENC\u0130: Yazarken belli bir okur t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc hedefliyor olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. \u0130kinci soru, bu konuda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z, sizi okuyanlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekten hedefledi\u011finiz t\u00fcr okurlar olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131. Yazarken herhangi bir okur t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc asla hedeflemedi\u011fimi (sizin teriminizi kullanm\u0131\u015f olmak i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle diyorum) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Bug\u00fcn \u00fczerinde konu\u015ftu\u011fumuz o ilk a\u015famada benim var olan yeg\u00e2ne okur kitlem, etraf\u0131m\u0131 saran, kendi d\u00f6neminden ve &hellip;<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":7844,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[94],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7780","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ceviri"],"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cortazar.png",1563,1250,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cortazar.png",1563,1250,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cortazar.png",1563,1250,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cortazar-150x120.png",150,120,true],"medium":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cortazar-300x240.png",300,240,true],"large":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cortazar-1024x819.png",1024,819,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cortazar-1536x1228.png",1536,1228,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cortazar.png",1563,1250,false],"codate_slider":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cortazar-1563x1000.png",1563,1000,true],"codate_item":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cortazar-550x350.png",550,350,true],"codate_item_vetical":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cortazar-500x800.png",500,800,true],"codate_item_masonry":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cortazar-550x440.png",550,440,true],"codate_blog":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cortazar-417x340.png",417,340,true],"codate_single":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cortazar-852x500.png",852,500,true],"codate_tabs":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/cortazar-90x90.png",90,90,true]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"Burak \u00c7elik","author_link":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/author\/editorburak"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"<a href=\"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/?cat=94\" rel=\"category\">\u00c7eviri<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"\u00d6\u011eRENC\u0130: Yazarken belli bir okur t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc hedefliyor olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. \u0130kinci soru, bu konuda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z, sizi okuyanlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekten hedefledi\u011finiz t\u00fcr okurlar olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131. Yazarken herhangi bir okur t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc asla hedeflemedi\u011fimi (sizin teriminizi kullanm\u0131\u015f olmak i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle diyorum) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Bug\u00fcn \u00fczerinde konu\u015ftu\u011fumuz o ilk a\u015famada benim var olan yeg\u00e2ne okur kitlem, etraf\u0131m\u0131 saran, kendi d\u00f6neminden ve&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7780","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7780"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7780\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7783,"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7780\/revisions\/7783"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7844"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7780"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7780"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7780"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}