Resim sanat\u0131, g\u00f6rmek \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015ftur. Bakmak ile g\u00f6rmenin aras\u0131ndaki farktan \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr, sanat\u00e7\u0131 s\u00f6z etmi\u015ftir. Resme bakmak veya sanata bakmak, insana bakmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretir. Resmi g\u00f6rebilen ki\u015fi, do\u011fay\u0131, \u00e7evresini de g\u00f6rebilir. G\u00f6rmek bir edimdir ve \u00e7abaya ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. John Berger, G\u00f6rme Bi\u00e7imleri adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda resim sanat\u0131 \u00fczerinden bakmay\u0131, g\u00f6rmeyi her a\u00e7\u0131dan ele al\u0131yor. Biz de \u201c\u00c7eviri\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcm\u00fczde G\u00f6rme Bi\u00e7imleri kitab\u0131ndan bir pasaja yer vermek istedik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130mgeler ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta orada bulunmayan \u015feyleri g\u00f6zde canland\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zamanla imgenin canland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feyden daha kal\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. B\u00f6yle olunca imge bir nesnenin ya da ki\u015finin bir zamanlar nas\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u2014b\u00f6ylece konunun eskiden ba\u015fkalar\u0131nca nas\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc de\u2014 anlat\u0131yordu. Daha sonralar\u0131 imgeyi yaratan\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc de, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kay\u0131d\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak kabul edildi. \u0130mge Y\u2019nin X\u2019i nas\u0131l g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kaydeden bir \u015fey oldu. Bu da, bireysellik bilincinin gittik\u00e7e artan bir tarih bilinciyle birlikte geli\u015fmesi sonucunda olmu\u015ftur. Bu son geli\u015fmeyi kesin bir tarihe ba\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak acelecilik olur. Bununla birlikte Avrupa\u2019da bu bilincin Yeniden-Do\u011fu\u015f\u2019un ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndan beri var oldu\u011fu kesindir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Eskiden kalan kutsal kal\u0131t ya da metinlerin hi\u00e7biri o zamanlarda ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n, imgeler \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnde do\u011frudan kan\u0131tlar\u0131 de\u011fildir. Bu bak\u0131mdan imgeler, edebiyattan daha kesin, daha zengindir. Bu, sanat\u0131 yaln\u0131zca geleneksel bir kan\u0131t gibi g\u00f6rerek onun anlat\u0131mc\u0131 ya da imgelemci niteli\u011fini yads\u0131mak anlam\u0131na gelmez. Yap\u0131t ne denli imgelem y\u00fckl\u00fc olursa biz de sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnenleri alg\u0131lay\u0131\u015f\u0131na o denli derinden kat\u0131l\u0131r\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u015eu da var ki imge sanat yap\u0131t\u0131nda verildi\u011fi zaman insanlar\u0131n ona bak\u0131\u015f\u0131 sanat konusunda edindikleri varsay\u0131mlar dizisinin etkisinden kurtulamaz. Bu varsay\u0131mlar \u015funlarla ilgilidir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
G\u00fczellik<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ger\u00e7ek<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Deha<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Uygarl\u0131k<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bi\u00e7im<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Toplumsal konum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Be\u011feni vb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu varsay\u0131mlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu bug\u00fcnk\u00fc durumuyla art\u0131k d\u00fcnyaya uymuyor. (Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc durumuyla d\u00fcnya salt nesnel bir ger\u00e7eklik de\u011fildir; buna bilin\u00e7lilik de kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.) G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze tam olarak uymamalar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bu varsay\u0131mlar ge\u00e7mi\u015fe de g\u00f6lge d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcrler. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f hi\u00e7bir zaman oldu\u011fu yerde durup yeniden ke\u015ffedilmeyi, ayn\u0131yla, oldu\u011fu gibi tan\u0131nmay\u0131 beklemez. Tarih her zaman belli bir \u015fimdi\u2019yle onun ge\u00e7mi\u015fi aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi kurar. Demek ki \u015fimdi\u2019den korkmak eskiyi buland\u0131rmaya yol a\u00e7\u0131yor. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f i\u00e7inde ya\u015fanacak bir\u015fey de\u011fildir. Eyleme ge\u00e7erken i\u00e7inden bir \u015feyler \u00e7ekip \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir sonu\u00e7lar kuyusudur. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fin ekinsel a\u00e7\u0131dan buland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 iki katl\u0131 bir kay\u0131ba yol a\u00e7ar. \u00d6nce sanat yap\u0131tlar\u0131 gerekti\u011finden \u00e7ok eskilere itilmi\u015f olur. Sonra ge\u00e7mi\u015ften bize eylem olarak tamamlanmas\u0131 gereken daha az sonu\u00e7 kalm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bir do\u011fa resmi \u2018g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde\u2019 kendimizi onun i\u00e7ine koyar\u0131z. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sanata \u2018bak\u0131yorsak\u2019 o zaman kendimizi tarihin i\u00e7ine koymu\u015f oluruz. Bu sanat\u0131 g\u00f6rmemiz engellendi\u011finde asl\u0131nda bizim olan tarihten yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oluruz. Bu yoksunluktan kim yarar sa\u011flar? Sonu\u00e7ta ge\u00e7mi\u015fin sanat\u0131, mutlu az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kendine bir tarih yaratmaya \u00e7abalamas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 buland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu tarih, geriye bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00f6netici s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihsel rol\u00fc hakl\u0131 g\u00f6sterebilir. B\u00f6yle bir hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karman\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f dilde hi\u00e7 bir anlam\u0131 yoktur. Bundan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc ister istemez buland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n
John Berger, G\u00f6rme Bi\u00e7imleri, \u00c7eviri:Yurdanur Salman, Metis Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 (Al\u0131nt\u0131d\u0131r.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Resim sanat\u0131, g\u00f6rmek \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015ftur. Bakmak ile g\u00f6rmenin aras\u0131ndaki farktan \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr, sanat\u00e7\u0131 s\u00f6z etmi\u015ftir. Resme bakmak veya sanata bakmak, insana bakmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretir. Resmi g\u00f6rebilen ki\u015fi, do\u011fay\u0131, \u00e7evresini de g\u00f6rebilir. G\u00f6rmek bir edimdir ve \u00e7abaya ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. John Berger, G\u00f6rme Bi\u00e7imleri adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda resim sanat\u0131 \u00fczerinden bakmay\u0131, g\u00f6rmeyi her a\u00e7\u0131dan ele al\u0131yor. Biz de \u201c\u00c7eviri\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcm\u00fczde …<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":7753,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[94],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7742","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ceviri"],"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gorme-bicimleri.png",1563,1250,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gorme-bicimleri.png",1563,1250,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gorme-bicimleri.png",1563,1250,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gorme-bicimleri-150x120.png",150,120,true],"medium":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gorme-bicimleri-300x240.png",300,240,true],"large":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gorme-bicimleri-1024x819.png",1024,819,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gorme-bicimleri-1536x1228.png",1536,1228,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gorme-bicimleri.png",1563,1250,false],"codate_slider":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gorme-bicimleri-1563x1000.png",1563,1000,true],"codate_item":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gorme-bicimleri-550x350.png",550,350,true],"codate_item_vetical":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gorme-bicimleri-500x800.png",500,800,true],"codate_item_masonry":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gorme-bicimleri-550x440.png",550,440,true],"codate_blog":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gorme-bicimleri-417x340.png",417,340,true],"codate_single":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gorme-bicimleri-852x500.png",852,500,true],"codate_tabs":["https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gorme-bicimleri-90x90.png",90,90,true]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"editorYasin","author_link":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/author\/editoryasin"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"\u00c7eviri<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"Resim sanat\u0131, g\u00f6rmek \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015ftur. Bakmak ile g\u00f6rmenin aras\u0131ndaki farktan \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr, sanat\u00e7\u0131 s\u00f6z etmi\u015ftir. Resme bakmak veya sanata bakmak, insana bakmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretir. Resmi g\u00f6rebilen ki\u015fi, do\u011fay\u0131, \u00e7evresini de g\u00f6rebilir. G\u00f6rmek bir edimdir ve \u00e7abaya ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. John Berger, G\u00f6rme Bi\u00e7imleri adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda resim sanat\u0131 \u00fczerinden bakmay\u0131, g\u00f6rmeyi her a\u00e7\u0131dan ele al\u0131yor. Biz de \u201c\u00c7eviri\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcm\u00fczde…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7742","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7742"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7742\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7744,"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7742\/revisions\/7744"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7753"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7742"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7742"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yazinulkesi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7742"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}